155 resources
- MunichPlaybook #8Office descriptionOfficial page
OSPO
The office's own description of its functions, including the advisory-only line on procurement.
For building an OSPO: Model function list; shows how an office states its procurement role and its limits.
Citation
Stadt München. n.d.-a. "OSPO." opensource.muenchen.de. https://opensource.muenchen.de/ospo.html
- MunichPlaybook #2Authorizing actFounding decision
Sitzungsvorlage 20-26 / V 08681, Open Source Hub und Open Source Sabbatical
The council paper that creates the OSPO: team, headcount, €500,000 start-up budget, start date, tasks.
For building an OSPO: Template for a founding act. The closest thing in the catalogue to a city ordinance creating an OSPO.
The council's detail page (risi sitzungsvorlage/detail/7532900) blocks automated fetching; the document link above works.
Citation
Stadt München. 2023a. Sitzungsvorlage 20-26 / V 08681, "Open Source Hub und Open Source Sabbatical," IT-Ausschuss, February 15, 2023. https://risi.muenchen.de/risi/dokument/v/7546873
- MunichPlaybook #2Authorizing actPolitical motion
Council motions: Open-Source-Hub and Munich Open Source Sabbatical
The original ask from elected members, with the rationale that open source had lost priority after the coalition agreement.
For building an OSPO: Model language for a council resolution requesting an OSPO with dedicated staff and budget.
Citation
Stadt München. 2020. Anträge "Open-Source-Hub" and "Munich Open Source Sabbatical," SPD/Volt and Grüne–Rosa Liste, October 22, 2020. https://muenchen-transparent.de/dokumente/7546869/datei
- MunichProcurement policyPolicy decision
Council resolution TOP A 23, Vollversammlung
Open source priority in procurement; requires a justification in every IT project approval when in-house development is not open source; declines to endorse the FSFE campaign.
For building an OSPO: Example of a justification rule, and of its limit (covers in-house code only). NYC's rule should extend to purchases and feed a public register.
Citation
Stadt München. 2021. Beschluss TOP A 23, Vollversammlung, May 5, 2021. https://risi.muenchen.de/risi/dokument/v/6596679
- MunichProcurement policyCouncil paper
Sitzungsvorlage 20-26 / V 03432
Follow-up IT committee paper on the 2021 open source decision.
For building an OSPO: Supporting record for the 2021 priority rule.
Citation
Stadt München. 2021b. Sitzungsvorlage 20-26 / V 03432, IT-Ausschuss, June 15, 2021. https://risi.muenchen.de/risi/dokument/v/6607307
- MunichPlaybook #2FundingBudget decision
Sitzungsvorlage 20-26 / V 11273, Strategie zur Finanzierung von Open-Source-Bibliotheken
€85,000 a year to sponsor open source libraries the city uses; places the Hub in the Competence Center for Software Engineering.
For building an OSPO: Template for a sponsorship budget line (UN principle: Contribute Back).
Citation
Stadt München. 2023b. Sitzungsvorlage 20-26 / V 11273, "Strategie zur Finanzierung von Open-Source-Bibliotheken," November 15, 2023. https://muenchen-transparent.de/dokumente/8063319/datei
- MunichOutcomesCouncil answer
Anfrage 20-26 / F 00892, answer by Dr. Laura Dornheim
Repository and staff counts (110 repositories, 90 employees); OSPO integrated into procurement governance; sponsorship recipients.
For building an OSPO: Example of the accountability a council can demand from an OSPO through written questions.
Citation
Stadt München. 2024. Anfrage 20-26 / F 00892, answer by Dr. Laura Dornheim, April 19, 2024. https://muenchen-transparent.de/dokumente/8390624/datei
- MunichContextCouncil answer
Anfrage 14-20 / F 00115, software in use for web meetings
Confirms Microsoft Office 365 ProPlus licensing in 2020.
For building an OSPO: Evidence that an OSPO can coexist with a proprietary workplace; relevant to the 'you'll lose Office' objection.
Citation
Stadt München. 2020b. Anfrage 14-20 / F 00115, answer on software in use, October 2020. https://risi.muenchen.de/risi/dokument/v/6352008
- MunichPlaybook #8PolicyOfficial page
Principles
The city's seven reasons for open source and the legal requirements (council decision, Bavarian Digital Act, Online Access Act).
For building an OSPO: Model statement of reasons for an OSPO's public page; maps closely to the UN principles.
Citation
Stadt München. n.d.-d. "Principles." https://opensource.muenchen.de/principles.html
- MunichPlaybook #8PolicyOfficial page
Licenses
MIT as default license; automated dependency review to avoid strong copyleft.
For building an OSPO: Template licensing policy for a city OSPO.
Citation
Stadt München. n.d.-b. "Licenses." https://opensource.muenchen.de/licenses.html
- MunichPlaybook #8FundingOfficial page
Sponsoring
What the city funds upstream and why.
For building an OSPO: Model for a Contribute Back program.
Citation
Stadt München. n.d.-e. "Sponsoring." https://opensource.muenchen.de/sponsoring.html
- MunichPlaybook #8ProgramOfficial page
Sabbatical
Design of the Open Source Sabbatical: three- or six-month funded stints for external developers; completed and planned projects.
For building an OSPO: Model talent program (UN principles: RISE, inclusive participation); note the procurement barriers Munich reports for work contracts.
Citation
Stadt München. n.d.-c. "Sabbatical." https://opensource.muenchen.de/sabbatical.html
- MunichCodeOfficial page
Repositories and software catalogue
What the city has published; the software catalogue.
For building an OSPO: Example of a public inventory of city open source software.
Citation
Stadt München. n.d.-f. "Repositories." https://opensource.muenchen.de/repositories.html
- MunichThird party accountAnalysis
Munich's Long History with Open Source in Public Administration
Third-party history: LiMux cost study and savings, 2020 coalition commitment, Open Source Hub approval, the 32-application catalogue count, reuse of Berlin's appointment system.
For building an OSPO: Neutral summary suitable for citing to officials.
Citation
OSOR. 2024. Ola Adach, "Munich's Long History with Open Source in Public Administration." European Commission, January 31, 2024. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/node/707462
- MunichThird party accountPress
After LiMux shutdown: How Munich is slowly getting closer to open source again
Repository count (106), OSPO budget as reported (€75,000), sabbatical budget, councillor criticism of the IT department.
For building an OSPO: Independent check on the city's own figures; source of the budget discrepancy.
Publication date not visible in fetched text; confirm.
Citation
heise online. 2024. "After LiMux Shutdown: How Munich Is Slowly Getting Closer to Open Source Again." October 2024. https://heise.de/-9981006
- MunichThird party accountPress
After LiMux shutdown: Munich launches first open source sabbatical
First sabbatical (Integreat chat) completed.
For building an OSPO: Evidence the sabbatical model produces results.
Publication date not visible in fetched text; confirm.
Citation
heise online. 2025. "After LiMux Shutdown: Munich Launches First Open Source Sabbatical." 2025. https://heise.de/-10266612
- MunichHistoryAnalysis
The rise and fall of Limux
The authoritative English account of LiMux: 2003 decision, Microsoft lobbying, 15,000 desktops, 18,000 LibreOffice templates, the 2017 reversal and the Accenture study's organizational findings.
For building an OSPO: Answers the 'what happened in Munich' question with sourced facts; shows the reversal was governance, not technology.
Citation
LWN. 2017. Jake Edge, "The Rise and Fall of Limux." November 8, 2017. https://lwn.net/Articles/737818/
- MunichHistoryPress
München: LiMux-Aus endgültig besiegelt
The November 23, 2017 council decision: unified Windows client architecture for about 29,000 computers, about €89 million, by end of 2020.
For building an OSPO: Source for the cost of the reversal.
Citation
vergabeblog. 2017. "München: LiMux-Aus endgültig besiegelt." December 12, 2017. https://vergabeblog.de/2017-12-12/muenchen-limux-aus-endgueltig-besiegelt/
- MunichPolicy commitmentAdvocacy
Munich commits to Public Money? Public Code!
The May 2020 coalition agreement's open source commitments as reported by FSFE.
For building an OSPO: Model political commitment language ('wherever technically and financially possible'; publish city code).
Citation
FSFE. 2020. "Munich Commits to 'Public Money? Public Code!'" May 6, 2020. https://fsfe.org/news/2020/news-20200506-01.html
- MunichLeadership perspectiveInterview
Sustain episode 214: Dr. Laura Dornheim on Munich's open source journey
The IT commissioner's framing: use as much open source as possible, good commercial products where not.
For building an OSPO: Language for presenting Open by Default to officials as a default rather than a ban.
Citation
Sustain. 2024. "Episode 214: Dr. Laura Dornheim on Munich's Open Source Journey." January 5, 2024. https://podcast.sustainoss.org/214
- MunichLeadership perspectiveInterview
Interview with Klaus Mueller: Seven questions on open source in Munich's city administration
The OSPO head on digital sovereignty, public money public code, inter-municipal networking, and structures tied to proprietary ecosystems.
For building an OSPO: Quotable statement of purpose from a sitting city OSPO head.
Citation
Zammad. 2025. "Interview with Klaus Mueller: Seven Questions on Open Source in Munich's City Administration." June 23, 2025. https://zammad.com/en/blog/open-source-public-services
- MunichPolicy commitmentPress
Nach LiMux: München wagt zweiten Anlauf mit Open-Source-Software
The May 2026 coalition agreement making open source the procurement default.
For building an OSPO: Shows the trajectory from advisory office to default; quote the agreement text once located.
Citation
WinFuture. 2026. Felix Krauth, "Nach LiMux: München wagt zweiten Anlauf mit Open-Source-Software." May 14, 2026. https://winfuture.de/news,158694.html
- MunichHistoryReference
LiMux
Timeline and figures for the LiMux project.
For building an OSPO: Orientation only; cite primary sources for figures.
Citation
Wikipedia. n.d. "LiMux." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LiMux
- MunichCodeCode
it-at-m GitHub organization
The city's public repositories.
For building an OSPO: Example of a municipal GitHub organization managed by an OSPO.
Listed but not opened by the compilers - check the link before relying on it.
Citation
Stadt München. n.d.-g. it-at-m GitHub organization. https://github.com/it-at-m
- MunichLeadership perspectiveTalk
Open Source Excellence: Munich's Journey towards Public Code
Conference presentation by the Munich team on the OSPO's first months.
For building an OSPO: Practitioner account for a catalogue 'talks' section.
Citation
FOSS Backstage. 2024. "Open Source Excellence: Munich's Journey towards Public Code." March 5, 2024. https://program.foss-backstage.de/fossback24/talk/WANZN8/
- ParisOffice descriptionOfficial page
Paris Open Source portal
The OSPO's public face; "200+ city services" figure; contact form
For building an OSPO: The public face an office should have: a portal that states the policy, counts the services and takes contact.
Citation
Paris. n.d. Paris Open Source portal. Ville de Paris. https://opensource.paris.fr
- ParisPolicy commitmentOfficial page
Paris has a commitment to Open Source (English page)
English statement of the policy
For building an OSPO: A one-page English statement of a city's open source commitment; model for a NYC policy page.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
Ville de Paris. n.d.. "Paris has a commitment to Open Source (English page)." https://opensource.paris.fr/ossparis/english.html
- ParisOffice descriptionPresentation
The City's commitment to Open Source through its OSPO (slides)
The office's own account of needs, activities and weaknesses; team sizes
For building an OSPO: Primary source for the office's mission, activities, team sizes and self-reported weaknesses; the closest thing Paris has to a charter.
Citation
Bareille, Philippe. 2023. "The City's Commitment to Open Source through Its OSPO." OSOR webinar slides, September 2023. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/news/2023-10/OSOR%20Webinar%20Philippe%20Bareille%20presentation.pdf
- ParisLeadership perspectivePresentation
How the City of Paris committed to Open Source (slides)
300+ services figure; BSD licence rationale
For building an OSPO: The city's own rationale for a permissive license and for building on one platform (UN principle: Design for Reusability).
Citation
Paris. 2021. "How the City of Paris Committed to Open Source." OSOR webinar slides, June 2021. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/news/2021-07/PB_OSOR%20Webinar%20-%20OSS%20dev%20Culture_Final.pdf
- ParisOffice descriptionTalk
From Lutece to CiteLibre: the City of Paris' journey in OS
Self-reported founding year 2022; officer's title
For building an OSPO: Self-reported founding year and the officer's title; shows how an uncharted office describes itself.
Citation
FOSS Backstage. 2025. "From Lutece to CiteLibre: The City of Paris' Journey in OS." March 11, 2025. https://25.foss-backstage.de/session/from-lutece-to-citelibre-the-city-of-paris-journey-in-os/index.html
- ParisOffice descriptionTalk
De Lutece à CiteLibre (talk page)
Officer's role description in French
For building an OSPO: French-language description of the officer's role inside the IT department.
Citation
AlpOSS. 2025. "De Lutece à CiteLibre, retour sur la politique open source de la Ville de Paris." February 20, 2025. https://pretalx.com/alposs-2025/talk/PKZXCZ/
- ParisThird party accountPress
Logiciels libres et mutualisation : quand Paris montre l'exemple
OSPO still being defined in 2023; team of fifteen; CiteLibre uptake
For building an OSPO: Independent account of the office still being defined in 2023, the Lutece team size and CiteLibre uptake; the mutualisation argument in the city's words.
Citation
Acteurs publics. 2023. Émile Marzolf, "Logiciels libres et mutualisation : quand Paris montre l'exemple." July 17, 2023. https://acteurspublics.fr/articles/logiciels-libres-et-mutualisation-quand-paris-montre-lexemple
- ParisContextAnnouncement
City of Paris confirms support to the OSPO Alliance
Membership
For building an OSPO: Shows the memberships a city OSPO takes on; OSPO Alliance is the umbrella for the FLOSS-PSO registry New York would join.
Citation
OSPO Alliance. 2024. "City of Paris Confirms Support to the OSPO Alliance." November 20, 2024. https://ospo-alliance.org/news/20241120_member_city_of_paris/
- ParisOutcomesCase study
Lutece: case studies on sustainability of public sector open source communities
Funding, licence, other French users
For building an OSPO: EC case study of Lutece's funding model, license and reuse; evidence for the sustainability argument.
Citation
OSOR. 2020. "Lutece: Case Studies on Sustainability of Public Sector Open Source Communities." European Commission, August 5, 2020. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/node/702996
- ParisPlaybook #9ProgramOfficial page
CiteLibre
80% and "40 cities" claims
For building an OSPO: EC description of CiteLibre; source of the '40 cities' and '80%' claims (treat as the EC's figures).
Citation
EC. n.d. "CiteLibre." Interoperable Europe. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/node/707046
- ParisPlaybook #9CodeOfficial page
Lutece project site
Modules, contributors, community, press
For building an OSPO: The platform itself: modules, contributors, community and press; model for how a city publishes a reusable platform.
Citation
Lutece. n.d. Project site, community and press pages. Ville de Paris. https://lutece.paris.fr/
- ParisPlaybook #9ProgramOfficial page
Introducing CiteLibre
What CiteLibre packages
For building an OSPO: What CiteLibre packages and why; the model for packaging PIT Crew products.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
Ville de Paris. n.d.. "Introducing CiteLibre." https://lutece.paris.fr/en/citelibre.html
- ParisPlaybook #9ProgramOfficial page
CiteLibre site
Packs; metadata naming the OSPO
For building an OSPO: The CiteLibre packs; site metadata is the only city artifact naming the OSPO.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
Ville de Paris. n.d.. "CiteLibre site." https://citelibre.paris.fr/fr/
- ParisCodeCode
lutece-platform GitHub organization
497 repositories
For building an OSPO: The code organization; repository count and activity for the catalogue.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
Ville de Paris. n.d.. "lutece-platform GitHub organization." https://github.com/lutece-platform
- ParisThird party accountPress
How Open-Source Software Makes Cities More Livable
Baltimore story; "first city OSPO in Europe" claim
For building an OSPO: The Baltimore deployment story and the 'first city OSPO in Europe' claim; useful for a U.S. audience.
Citation
Worth. 2022. Steve Hamm, "How Open-Source Software Makes Cities More Livable." February 15, 2022. https://worth.com/how-open-source-software-makes-cities-more-livable/
- ParisThird party accountPress
Paris' open source platform is being introduced at a West Baltimore community center
St. Francis Neighborhood Center deployment
For building an OSPO: Documents a Paris platform deployed in a U.S. community center with a university OSPO's help; precedent for cross-Atlantic reuse.
Citation
Technical.ly. 2019. Stephen Babcock, "Paris' Open Source Platform for City Services Is Being Introduced at a West Baltimore Community Center." April 19, 2019. https://technical.ly/civic-news/paris-lutece-open-source-platform-city-services-west-baltimore-community-center-st-francis.md
- ParisThird party accountAcademic
Public Sector Open Source Program Offices
Finds the Paris OSPO focused on Lutece; licensing preference
For building an OSPO: Peer-reviewed comparison of public-sector OSPOs; finds the Paris office focused on Lutece and documents its licensing preference.
Citation
Linåker, Johan, Astor Nummelin Carlberg, and Ciarán O'Riordan. 2026. "Public Sector Open Source Program Offices." arXiv 2603.04891, June 2026. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04891
- ParisPolicy commitmentOfficial release
Paris renforce son engagement pour le logiciel libre (press release)
April membership; 60% Linux servers
For building an OSPO: Official 2015 statement of the city's commitment: April membership and the 60% Linux server figure.
Citation
Ville de Paris. 2015. "Paris renforce son engagement pour le logiciel libre." Press release, March 13, 2015. https://cdn.paris.fr/presse/2020/03/23/d541e951e6f0a72dedfd4fb864bbc60b.pdf
- ParisLeadership perspectiveInterview
Libre à vous ! #228, Paris et logiciels libres
Officer's manager and bureau
For building an OSPO: Interview placing the officer inside the IT department's org chart; who the office reports to.
Citation
Libre à vous. 2024. "Paris et logiciels libres," episode 228, April, December 3, 2024. https://libreavous.org/228
- ParisHistoryPress
Linux à Paris mais à petite dose pour le moment
The shelved 2004 desktop migration
For building an OSPO: The shelved 2004 desktop migration; context for why Paris put its effort into services rather than desktops.
Citation
LinuxFr. 2004. "Linux à Paris mais à petite dose pour le moment." October 19, 2004. https://linuxfr.org/news/linux-a-paris-mais-a-petite-dose-pour-le-moment
- ParisHistoryDocument
Microsoft partnership argumentaire
The 2008 Microsoft partnership
For building an OSPO: The 2008 Microsoft partnership as described in a political document; the counter-example that an OSPO with a procurement role would have reviewed.
Citation
April. 2008. "Les Parisiens sont les premiers bénéficiaires du partenariat Microsoft" [argumentaire], list archive, January 30, 2008. https://listes.april.org/wws/arc/candidatsfr-locaux/2008-02/msg00121/argumentaire.doc
- ParisContextDirectory
List of Public Sector OSPOs
Self-reported founding date 2022-06-01
For building an OSPO: The global public-sector OSPO registry where a NYC office would register; self-reported founding dates for peers.
Citation
FLOSS-PSO Network. n.d. "List of Public Sector OSPOs." https://floss-pso.network/public-sector-ospos/
- US CMSOffice descriptionOfficial page
Open Source Program Office
The office's public page
For building an OSPO: The agency's public description of the office; model for a one-page office page.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
CMS.gov. n.d.. "Open Source Program Office." https://www.cms.gov/digital-service/open-source-program-office
- US CMSPlaybook #1ProgramGuide
OSPO Guide
Inbound, outbound and growing guidance; "Want to Start an OSPO"
For building an OSPO: The most complete public OSPO handbook in U.S. government: inbound, outbound and growing sections; CC0, adoptable as-is.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
CMS OSPO. n.d.. "OSPO Guide." https://dsacms.github.io/ospo-guide/
- US CMSAuthorizing actCharter text
Functional Statement
The office's pre-2026 basis
For building an OSPO: Example of an office running on a functional statement; shows what a charter needs to add.
Citation
CMS OSPO. n.d.-a. "Functional Statement." OSPO Guide. https://dsacms.github.io/ospo-guide/about/functional-statement/
- US CMSPlaybook #1Procurement policyProcess
Inbound Review Checklist
The options analysis for adopting software; who signs it
For building an OSPO: A working options analysis for adopting software, built on M-16-21; note who signs it and that the OSPO does not.
Citation
CMS OSPO. n.d.-f. "Inbound Review Checklist." https://dsacms.github.io/ospo-guide/inbound/inbound-review-checklist/
- US CMSPlaybook #1ProgramProcess
Outbound Checklists
Tiered release checklists
For building an OSPO: Tiered release checklists with required sign-offs; template for a city release process.
Citation
CMS OSPO. n.d.-b. "Outbound Checklists." https://dsacms.github.io/ospo-guide/outbound/outbound-checklists/
- US CMSPlaybook #1Procurement policyPolicy
Risk Acceptance and Exemption Criteria
Exemption categories and deciders
For building an OSPO: Exemption categories and named deciders; the starting point for a public exceptions register the CMS office lacks.
Citation
CMS OSPO. n.d.-d. "Risk Acceptance and Exemption Criteria of Open Sourcing." https://dsacms.github.io/ospo-guide/outbound/exemption-criteria/
- US CMSPlaybook #1ProgramFramework
Maturity Models
Five repository tiers
For building an OSPO: Five-tier repository maturity model; adopt and rename.
Citation
CMS OSPO. n.d.-g. "Maturity Models." https://dsacms.github.io/ospo-guide/outbound/maturity-models/
- US CMSPlaybook #1ProgramProcess
Release Guidelines
Release rules
For building an OSPO: Release rules a city can copy.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
CMS OSPO. n.d.. "Release Guidelines." https://dsacms.github.io/ospo-guide/outbound/release-guidelines/
- US CMSPolicyPolicy pointer
Technical Reference Architecture (TRA)
Who leads open source policy at CMS
For building an OSPO: Shows where policy ownership sits (the TRA, not the OSPO); design the NYC office to own its policy.
Citation
CMS OSPO. n.d.-e. "TRA." https://dsacms.github.io/ospo-guide/about/tra/
- US CMSProcurement policyPolicy
AD 0230 Open Source Business Rules
Business rules for software selection
For building an OSPO: Agency business rules for software selection: products in use preferred, total cost of ownership governs, vendor-supported OSS; the rules an options analysis applies.
Citation
CMS. 2026b. "AD 0230 Open Source Business Rules." Technical Reference Architecture, 2026 Release 1. https://www.cms.gov/tra/Application_Development/AD_0230_Open_Source_Business_Rules.htm
- US CMSPolicyPolicy
CMS Open Source Policy
The agency policy pegged to M-16-21; TRB licence approval
For building an OSPO: Agency open source policy pegged to M-16-21; names the Technical Review Board as license approver.
Citation
CMS. 2016. CMS Open Source Policy. GitHub, CMSgov. https://github.com/CMSgov/cms-open-source-policy
- US CMSAuthorizing actCharter
Statement of Organization, Functions, and Delegations of Authority (FR Doc. 2026-11743)
Creates OHTP and the Open Source Program Group; 20% rule
For building an OSPO: The first legal charter for the office; the 20% rule and the parent office's COTS preference in one document.
Citation
CMS. 2026. "Statement of Organization, Functions, and Delegations of Authority." FR Doc. 2026-11743, 91 FR 35478, June 11, 2026. https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2026-11743.pdf
- US CMSPlaybook #10PolicyFederal policy
M-16-21 Federal Source Code Policy
Three-step analysis; 20% release rule
For building an OSPO: The federal source code policy: three-step analysis and 20% release rule; the domestic legal model for a city rule.
Citation
OMB. 2016. M-16-21: Federal Source Code Policy. August 8, 2016. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/memoranda/2016/m_16_21.pdf
- US CMSPlaybook #10PolicyStatute
H.R. 9566, SHARE IT Act
Code inventory and exemption reporting
For building an OSPO: Statutory inventory and exemption reporting duty; template for a city inventory requirement.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
U.S. Congress. 2024. "H.R. 9566, SHARE IT Act." https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-118hr9566eh/pdf/BILLS-118hr9566eh.pdf
- US CMSPlaybook #3ProgramTool
SHARE IT Act landing page
Compliance guidance and exemptions schema
For building an OSPO: Compliance guidance and exemptions schema; reusable for a city code inventory.
Citation
CMS OSPO. n.d.-c. "SHARE IT Act" landing page. https://dsacms.github.io/share-it-act-lp/
- US CMSPlaybook #3OutcomesTool
share-it-savings calculator
The office's savings projections
For building an OSPO: The office's savings projections and method; reuse the method, label the numbers as projections.
Citation
CMS OSPO. n.d.-i. "share-it-savings." https://dsacms.github.io/share-it-savings/
- US CMSPlaybook #3CodeTool
repo-scaffolder
Templates, tier determiner, repolinter rules
For building an OSPO: Cookiecutter templates, tier determiner, repolinter rules; day-one tooling for a city office.
Citation
DSACMS. n.d.-a. repo-scaffolder. GitHub. https://github.com/DSACMS/repo-scaffolder
- US CMSPlaybook #3CodeTool
metrics
Repository metrics pipeline
For building an OSPO: Metrics pipeline integrating CHAOSS Augur; COCOMO and libyears measures.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
DSACMS (GitHub). n.d.. "metrics." https://github.com/DSACMS/metrics
- US CMSPlaybook #3OutcomesDashboard
CMS Open Source Repository Metrics
Live metrics; "249+ repositories"
For building an OSPO: Live dashboard; model for the annual metrics a NYC office should publish.
Citation
DSACMS. n.d.-b. "CMS Open Source Repository Metrics." https://dsacms.github.io/metrics/
- US CMSPlaybook #3CodeTool
codejson-index-generator
code.json index CLI
For building an OSPO: CLI for building a code.json index; part of the SHARE IT Act stack.
Citation
DSACMS. n.d.-c. codejson-index-generator. GitHub. https://github.com/DSACMS/codejson-index-generator
- US CMSCodeCode
DSACMS GitHub organization
98 repositories
For building an OSPO: The code organization; repository count for the catalogue.
Citation
DSACMS. n.d.-d. GitHub organization. https://github.com/DSACMS
- US CMSThird party accountProfile
Sharing Is Caring: How CMS Is Leading on Federal Open Source Requirements
Team composition
For building an OSPO: Team composition and working practices from an independent profile.
Citation
Beeck Center. 2025. Kate Queram, "Sharing Is Caring: How CMS Is Leading on Federal Open Source Requirements. A FormFest 2025 Profile." Digital Government Hub, October 29, 2025. https://digitalgovernmenthub.org/publications/sharing-is-caring-how-cms-is-leading-on-federal-open-source-requirements-a-formfest-2025-profile/
- US CMSPlaybook #10ContextGuide
SHARE IT Act Web Guide
Compliance overview
For building an OSPO: Plain-language overview of SHARE IT Act compliance.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
Digital Government Hub. 2026-02-18. "SHARE IT Act Web Guide." https://digitalgovernmenthub.org/library/share-it-act-web-guide/
- US CMSOutcomesCase study
CMS open source software case study
Repositories released using the infrastructure
For building an OSPO: Independent report of repositories released using the office's infrastructure.
Citation
USDR. n.d. "CMS Open Source Software." U.S. Digital Response case study. https://www.usdigitalresponse.org/case-studies/cms-open-source-software
- US CMSLeadership perspectivePress
Inside CMS' Ground-Breaking Open Source Program Office
Fletcher and DeCausemaker quotations
For building an OSPO: Fletcher and DeCausemaker on why the office exists and what it found ('the policy has been sitting there').
Citation
GovConWire. 2023. Summer Myatt, "Inside CMS' Ground-Breaking Open Source Program Office." October 31, 2023. https://www.govconwire.com/2023/10/inside-cms-ground-breaking-open-source-program-office/
- US CMSThird party accountPress
Cloud Exchange 2024 article on CMS OSPO
January 2024 launch date
For building an OSPO: Source for the January 2024 official launch date.
Citation
Federal News Network. 2024. [Cloud Exchange 2024 article on the CMS OSPO.] https://federalnewsnetwork.com/?p=5031845
- US CMSThird party accountProfile
Remy DeCausemaker, FedScoop 50
Recognition
For building an OSPO: External recognition of the lead; RISE principle in practice.
Citation
FedScoop. 2025. "Remy DeCausemaker." FedScoop 50, September 5, 2025. https://develop.fedscoop.com/?p=86705
- US CMSLeadership perspectivePresentation
Establishing the First US Federal OSPO at CMS.gov
The office's own account
For building an OSPO: The office's own account of establishing the first federal OSPO; slides reusable for a city pitch.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
FCSM 2024 (DeCausemaker). 2024-10. "Establishing the First US Federal OSPO at CMS.gov." https://assets.fcsm.gov/assets/files/docs/2024-conference-docs/B/B3.4_DeCausemaker.pdf
- US CMSLeadership perspectiveInterview
CHAOSScast episode 81: Managing Federal CHAOSS at CMS.gov
Metrics approach; term limits
For building an OSPO: Metrics approach and the four-year term-limit problem for digital service staff; argue for permanent posts.
Citation
CHAOSS. 2024. "CHAOSScast Episode 81: Managing Federal CHAOSS at CMS.gov." March 12, 2024. https://podcast.chaoss.community/81?t=0
- US CMSHistoryPress
Elon Musk overhauled the Obama-era Digital Services agency
USDS renaming and layoffs
For building an OSPO: The USDS renaming and layoffs; evidence for chartering an office in law rather than by memo.
Citation
Fortune. 2025. Sharon Goldman, "Elon Musk Overhauled the Obama-Era Digital Services Agency and Turned It into DOGE." February 28, 2025. https://fortune.com/2025/02/28/elon-musk-doge-us-digital-service-betrayal-ex-employees
- US CMSThird party accountCommentary
CMS Creates New Office of Health Technology and Products
Reorganization reaction; Gleason claim
For building an OSPO: Reaction to the June 2026 reorganization; treat claims as commentary.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
Discoveries in Health Policy (Bruce Quinn). 2026-06-14. "CMS Creates New Office of Health Technology and Products." https://www.discoveriesinhealthpolicy.com/2026/06/cms-creates-new-office-of-health.html?m=1
- US CMSContextRecap
United Nations OSPOs For Good Conference Highlights
"First US government OSPO" claim
For building an OSPO: Places CMS in the UN OSPOs for Good context; 'first US government OSPO' claim.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
GWU OSPO (David Lippert). 2024-07-26. "United Nations OSPOs For Good Conference Highlights." https://ospo.gwu.edu/node/151
- US CMSContextDirectory
List of Public Sector OSPOs
Founding date 2023-08-01
For building an OSPO: The global registry; CMS is its one U.S. public-sector entry; a NYC office would register here.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
FLOSS-PSO Network. n.d.. "List of Public Sector OSPOs." https://floss-pso.network/public-sector-ospos/
- European CommissionOffice descriptionOfficial page
EC OSPO collection
The office's home; news and contacts
For building an OSPO: The office's home page, news and contact; model for a public office presence.
Citation
EC OSPO. n.d. EC OSPO collection. Interoperable Europe. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/ec-ospo
- European CommissionPlaybook #4Authorizing actFounding strategy
Open Source Software Strategy 2020-2023, "Think Open" (C(2020) 7149)
Calls for the OSPO; procurement preference clause
For building an OSPO: The founding strategy: names the office as 'the pivotal point', assigns DG DIGIT to run and budget it, and contains the conditional procurement preference. Copy the structure; replace the preference with a decider.
Citation
European Commission. 2020a. Open Source Software Strategy 2020-2023: Think Open. C(2020) 7149 final, October 21, 2020. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/inline-files/The-Commission-Open-Source-Strategy.pdf
- European CommissionPlaybook #4Authorizing actAnnouncement
Commission adopts new Open Source Software Strategy
Adoption notice
For building an OSPO: Adoption notice for the strategy; dates and framing for citation.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
European Commission. 2020-10-21. "Commission adopts new Open Source Software Strategy." https://commission.europa.eu/news/european-commission-adopts-its-new-open-source-software-strategy-2020-2023-2020-10-21_en
- European CommissionPlaybook #5PolicyLegal act
Commission Decision of 8 December 2021 on the open source licensing and reuse of Commission software (2021/C 495 I/01)
Legal basis for publishing code; EUPL default; exceptions
For building an OSPO: Legal basis for publishing code: EUPL default, single repository, grounds for not publishing, proprietary licensing by exception. Template for a city publishing rule once 'may choose' becomes 'shall, unless'.
Read from a mirror of the Official Journal because EUR-Lex rate-limited the fetch; confirm against EUR-Lex (CELEX 32021D1209(01)) before publication. Verification: Opened (mirror).
Citation
European Commission. 2021a. Commission Decision of 8 December 2021 on the Open Source Licensing and Reuse of Commission Software. C(2021) 8759; OJ 2021/C 495 I/01. https://lexaris.de/book/version/documentflat/head/2121049
- European CommissionPlaybook #5PolicyAnnouncement
Commission adopts new rules on Open Source Software distribution
Decision summary
For building an OSPO: Commission's own summary of the Decision; plain-language framing for a city equivalent.
Citation
European Commission. 2021b. "Commission Adopts New Rules on Open Source Software Distribution." December 8, 2021. https://commission.europa.eu/news-and-media/news/commission-adopts-new-rules-open-source-software-distribution-2021-12-08_en
- European CommissionOutcomesReport
Code.europa.eu: a story of sharing code
Repository and project counts
For building an OSPO: Repository and project counts on code.europa.eu and the €0 GitLab license; evidence that start-up cost can be low.
Citation
EC OSPO. 2024. "Code.europa.eu: A Story of Sharing Code." December 17, 2024. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/ec-ospo/news/spotlight-projects
- European CommissionProgramArticle
Gradually align on open source practices
Inner-source approach
For building an OSPO: The inner-source approach: opening internal repositories by stages; a practice a city IT department can adopt before full publication.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
EC OSPO. 2024-06-05. "Gradually align on open source practices." https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/ec-ospo/news/gradually-align-open-source-practices
- European CommissionOffice descriptionPresentation
OSOR Community Meetup January 2026, master slide deck
Office purpose; inner-source targets; catalogue status
For building an OSPO: Office purpose statement, inner-source targets and catalogue status in the office's own slides.
Citation
OSOR. 2026. OSOR Community Meetup January 2026, master slide deck. January 28, 2026. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/news/2026-02/osor-community-meetup-jan-2026-master-slide-deck.pdf
- European CommissionPlaybook #7ContextPresentation
OSOR webinar on OSPOs, consolidated presentation
Six OSPO archetypes; EC OSPO mission
For building an OSPO: OSOR's six OSPO archetypes and the EC OSPO mission; useful typology for positioning a NYC office.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
OSOR. 2025-06. "OSOR webinar on OSPOs, consolidated presentation." https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/news/2025-06/OSOR_Webinar%20on%20OSPOs_Consolidated_Presentation.pdf
- European CommissionPlaybook #7Third party accountReport
The role of OSPOs in transforming public services with open source
Webinar summary; head of EC OSPO named
For building an OSPO: Webinar summary naming the head of the EC OSPO; the 'over 800 projects' figure.
Citation
OSOR. 2025a. "The Role of OSPOs in Transforming Public Services with Open Source." June 19, 2025. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/node/731054
- European CommissionOffice descriptionPresentation
Open Source at the EC (OSPO OnRamp slides)
Functions overview
For building an OSPO: Functions overview presented to the OSPO Alliance OnRamp; PM² integration and labs.
Citation
OSPO Alliance. 2025a. "Open Source at the EC." OSPO OnRamp slides, May 16, 2025. https://ospo-alliance.org/resources/onramp/20250516_ospo_onramp_open_source_at_the_ec.pdf
- European CommissionOutcomesAnnouncement
EU Open Source Solutions Catalogue is now live
Catalogue launch figures
For building an OSPO: Catalogue launch figures; model for a federated catalogue of reusable solutions.
Citation
European Commission. 2025. "The EU Open Source Solutions Catalogue Is Now Live." March 31, 2025. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/interoperable-europe/news/eu-open-source-solutions-catalogue-now-live
- European CommissionContextOfficial page
EU OSPO Network collection
Network purpose, founding, secretariat, how to join
For building an OSPO: Network purpose, founding (Paris + DG DIGIT), secretariat, how to join; membership criterion is EU public services.
Citation
EU OSPO Network. n.d.-a. Collection page. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/eu-ospo-network
- European CommissionContextOfficial page
EU OSPO Network members
28 members
For building an OSPO: The 28 members; the peer set a NYC office would want to meet.
Citation
EU OSPO Network. n.d.-b. "Network Members." https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/eu-ospo-network/network-members
- European CommissionContextOfficial page
About this initiative
Global registry; OSPO Alliance umbrella; maintainers
For building an OSPO: The global registry under the OSPO Alliance umbrella and its maintainers; the venue open to New York.
Citation
FLOSS-PSO. n.d. "About This Initiative." https://floss-pso.network/about/
- European CommissionContextDirectory
List of Public Sector OSPOs
The global list
For building an OSPO: The global list of public-sector OSPOs; register a NYC office here.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
FLOSS-PSO Network. n.d.. "List of Public Sector OSPOs." https://floss-pso.network/public-sector-ospos/
- European CommissionContextAnnouncement
The OSPO Alliance launched a new volunteer-driven Network
FLOSS-PSO launch
For building an OSPO: Launch of the FLOSS-PSO Network during UN Open Source Week 2025.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
OSOR. 2025-11-03. "The OSPO Alliance launched a new volunteer-driven Network." https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/node/731969
- European CommissionProcurement policyRegulatory finding
EDPS press release on the Commission's use of Microsoft 365
The 2024 infringement decision
For building an OSPO: The 2024 EDPS infringement decision on Microsoft 365; the case an OSPO with a procurement role would have been part of.
Citation
EDPS. 2024. "European Commission's Use of Microsoft 365 Infringes Data Protection Law for EU Institutions and Bodies." March 11, 2024. https://www.edps.europa.eu/press-publications/press-news/press-releases/2024/european-commissions-use-microsoft-365-infringes-data-protection-law-eu-institutions-and-bodies
- European CommissionProcurement policyRegulatory finding
EDPS press release: Commission brings Microsoft 365 use into compliance
Case closed by remediation
For building an OSPO: Case closed by remediation, Commission stayed on Microsoft 365; shows a preference clause without an owner.
Citation
EDPS. 2025. "European Commission Brings Use of Microsoft 365 into Compliance." July 28, 2025. https://www.edps.europa.eu/press-publications/press-news/press-releases/2025/european-commission-brings-use-microsoft-365-compliance-data-protection-rules-eu-institutions-and-bodies
- European CommissionThird party accountCritique
Free Software Strategy of the European Commission: "Think Open" But Not Too Big
Procurement and Microsoft dependence critique
For building an OSPO: April's 2020 critique: no procurement actions, no budget or manpower published; the checklist of what a city founding act should include.
Citation
April. 2020. "Free Software Strategy of the European Commission: 'Think Open' But Not Too Big." October 26, 2020. https://april.org/en/free-software-strategy-european-commission-think-open-not-too-big
- European CommissionPolicyAnnouncement
Commission boosts open and interoperable digital ecosystems for public administrations
The 2026 EU open source strategy
For building an OSPO: The June 2026 EU open source strategy; promises procurement guidelines and fair evaluation of open-source bids.
Citation
European Commission. 2026. "Commission Boosts Open and Interoperable Digital Ecosystems for Public Administrations." June 3, 2026. https://commission.europa.eu/news-and-media/news/commission-boosts-open-and-interoperable-digital-ecosystems-public-administrations-2026-06-03_en
- European CommissionThird party accountCritique
EU Tech Sovereignty: a milestone for Public Code?
Non-binding strategy critique
For building an OSPO: FSFE's response: the strategy remains non-binding; argument for mandatory requirements in a city rule.
Citation
FSFE. 2026. "EU Tech Sovereignty: A Milestone for Public Code?" June 3, 2026. https://fsfe.org/news/2026/news-20260603-01.html
- European CommissionContextAnnouncement
Barcelona invited to the European public OSPO network
Barcelona's invitation claim
For building an OSPO: Barcelona's announced invitation to the EU OSPO Network; the precedent for a city joining.
Citation
Canòdrom. 2026. "Barcelona, convidada oficialment a la xarxa europea d'OSPOs públiques." January 29, 2026. https://canodrom.barcelona/ca/noticies/barcelona-convidada-oficialment-a-la-xarxa-europea-dospos-publiques-1599668
- United NationsPlaybook #6Policy commitmentPrinciples
United Nations Open Source Principles
The eight principles and the endorsement form
For building an OSPO: The eight principles and the endorsement form; the standard a NYC office would be built on and the text to quote.
Citation
Open Source United. n.d. "United Nations Open Source Principles" and portal pages. https://opensource.un.org/en/news/united-nations-open-source-principles
- United NationsOffice descriptionOfficial site
Open Source United portal
Projects catalog, initiatives, about, news
For building an OSPO: The portal: project catalogue, initiatives, about and news; model for a city open source portal.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
UN OICT. 2026-05. "Open Source United portal." https://opensource.un.org/en
- United NationsPlaybook #6PolicyPolicy framework
Open Source United Common Policy Framework (RC1)
The procurement preference; maturity model; governance
For building an OSPO: The Common Policy Framework: procurement preference, staged maturity model (OSPO required at stages 3-4), governance; shows the preference without a gate that a city rule should complete.
Citation
Open Source United. 2024. Common Policy Framework, release candidate 1, November 2024. https://opensource.un.org/sites/default/files/2025-07/common_policy_framework.pdf
- United NationsPlaybook #6PolicySummary
Common Policy Framework executive summary
Short form of the framework
For building an OSPO: Short form of the framework for briefing officials.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
Open Source United. 2026-01. "Common Policy Framework executive summary." https://opensource.un.org/sites/default/files/2026-01/cpf_executive_summary.pdf
- United NationsAuthorizing actGovernance record
CEB/2023/HLCM/DTN/10, DTN spring session report
Approval of the community of practice
For building an OSPO: The approval of the community of practice and its terms of reference; how a CIO network creates an open source body.
Citation
CEB. 2023. CEB/2023/HLCM/DTN/10: Digital and Technology Network Spring Session Report. June 12, 2023. https://unsceb.org/assets/media/reports/report-3775-20230612-DTN-Meeting-Report.pdf
- United NationsAuthorizing actGovernance record
CEB/2024/HLCM/DTN/10, DTN autumn session report
Approval of the principles and framework
For building an OSPO: Approval of the principles and conditional approval of the framework; the correct adopting body to cite (DTN, not the CEB plenary or the Secretary-General).
Citation
CEB. 2024. CEB/2024/HLCM/DTN/10: Digital and Technology Network Autumn Session Report. December 12, 2024. https://www.unsceb.org/assets/media/reports/report-3844-20241212-DTN-Session-Report.pdf
- United NationsFundingGovernance record
CEB/2025/HLCM/DTN/3, DTN session report
$10,000 per agency for GitLab
For building an OSPO: The $10,000-per-agency GitLab funding decision; the only published funding figure.
Citation
CEB. 2025. CEB/2025/HLCM/DTN/3: Digital and Technology Network Session Report. June 17, 2025. https://unsceb.org/sites/default/files/2025-06/20250617%20DTN%20Session%20Report.pdf
- United NationsContextOfficial page
Digital and Technology Network
What the DTN is and reports to
For building an OSPO: What the DTN is and reports to; needed to describe the principles' authority accurately.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
UN CEB. n.d.. "Digital and Technology Network." https://unsceb.org/dtn
- United NationsOutcomesAnnouncement
The OSI first to endorse UN Open Source Principles
Endorsement process opens
For building an OSPO: Opening of the endorsement process; OSI as first endorser.
Citation
OICT. 2025a. "The OSI First to Endorse UN Open Source Principles." February 26, 2025. https://unite.un.org/en/node/2864
- United NationsOutcomesAnnouncement
Sixteen organizations endorse the UN Open Source Principles
Early endorser count
For building an OSPO: Early endorser count (17).
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
UN OICT. 2025-03-25. "Sixteen organizations endorse the UN Open Source Principles." https://unite.un.org/en/node/2863
- United NationsOutcomesAnnouncement
France becomes first government to endorse
36 endorsers
For building an OSPO: France as first government endorser; 36 endorsers.
Citation
OICT. 2025b. "France Becomes First Government to Endorse the UN Open Source Principles." May 14, 2025. https://unite.un.org/node/2327
- United NationsOutcomesAnnouncement
Milestone reached: endorsements reach 60
60 endorsers
For building an OSPO: 60-endorser milestone.
Citation
OICT. 2025c. "Milestone Reached: UN Open Source Principles Endorsements Reach 60." July 21, 2025. https://unite.un.org/node/2371
- United NationsContextAnnouncement
OICT becomes newest member of the DPGA
DPGA membership
For building an OSPO: OICT's DPGA membership; the digital-public-goods framing of the UN's reasoning.
Citation
OICT. 2022. "OICT Becomes Newest Member of the Digital Public Goods Alliance." November 28, 2022. https://unite.un.org/en/node/2897
- United NationsProgramEvent notice
Livestream: UN Open Source Week, 22-26 June
2026 programme
For building an OSPO: The 2026 Open Source Week programme; the June convening a NYC office would join.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
UN OICT. 2026-06-15. "Livestream: UN Open Source Week, 22-26 June." https://unite.un.org/en/node/3059
- United NationsLeadership perspectiveTranscript
OSPOs for Good 2026, part 5 (transcript)
"Passed 250 organizations"
For building an OSPO: Transcript with the 'passed 250 organizations' figure; Mohsine in his own words.
Citation
UN Web TV. 2026. "OSPOs for Good, UN Open Source Week 2026 (Part 5)," transcript, June 25, 2026. https://transcripts.un.org/en/asset/k12/k12620x8tm
- United NationsOutcomesReport
OSPOs for Good 2023 report
First convening
For building an OSPO: The first OSPOs for Good convening; the UN's own admission that open source was underutilized internally.
Citation
UN. 2023. OSPOs for Good: Building and Designing Cooperative Digital Infrastructure. Office of the Tech Envoy and RISE. https://www.un.org/digital-emerging-technologies/sites/www.un.org.techenvoy/files/OSPOs_for_Good_Report_1.pdf
- United NationsOutcomesReport
OSPOs for Good 2024 conference report
2024 convening
For building an OSPO: The 2024 convening report.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
RISE / OpenForum Europe. 2025-12. "OSPOs for Good 2024 conference report." https://openforumeurope.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/OPSOs_for_Good_2024_Conference_Report.pdf
- United NationsOutcomesEvent page
OSPOs for Good 2024
Attendance
For building an OSPO: 2024 attendance figures.
Citation
UN. 2024. "OSPOs for Good 2024." Office for Digital and Emerging Technologies. https://www.un.org/digital-emerging-technologies/node/1110
- United NationsOutcomesEvent page
UN Open Source Week 2025
Attendance and programme
For building an OSPO: 2025 attendance and programme.
Citation
UN. 2025. "UN Open Source Week 2025." Office for Digital and Emerging Technologies. https://www.un.org/digital-emerging-technologies/node/1137
- United NationsOffice descriptionEvent site
UN Open Source Week 2026 site; Omar Mohsine speaker page
Mohsine's role
For building an OSPO: Mohsine's role as described by the 2026 event site.
Citation
UN Open Source Week. 2026. Speaker page, Omar Mohsine. https://www.unopensource.org/speaker/omar-mohsine
- United NationsThird party accountRecap
2026 UN Open Source Week reflections
Attendance estimate
For building an OSPO: Independent attendance estimate for 2026 and a practitioner's recap.
Citation
GWU OSPO. 2026. David Lippert, "2026 UN Open Source Week Reflections." June 27, 2026. https://ospo.gwu.edu/node/626
- United NationsProgramAnnouncement
United Nations launches Open Source United portal
Portal launch; OSPO-in-a-Box
For building an OSPO: Portal launch and the OSPO-in-a-Box track; the support offer available to a new city office.
Citation
OSOR. 2026. "United Nations Launches Open Source United Portal." European Commission, May 28, 2026. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/open-source-observatory-osor/news/united-nations-launches-open-source-united-portal
- United NationsHistoryReport
From open software to open culture (UN event)
Mariano's 2021 OSPO statement
For building an OSPO: Mariano's 2021 statement that OICT would build an OSPO; start of the timeline.
Citation
OSOR. 2021. "From Open Software to Open Culture." European Commission, October 18, 2021. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/open-source-observatory-osor/news/united-nations-event-open-source
- United NationsProgramCase study
Skills-based volunteering case study with UN OICT
"Mind the Open Source Gap"
For building an OSPO: 'Mind the Open Source Gap' training with GitHub; low-cost capacity building model.
Citation
GitHub Social Impact. 2023. "Skills-Based Volunteering Case Study with UNOICT." April 3, 2023. https://socialimpact.github.com/insights/Skills-Based-Volunteering-case-study-with-UNOICT/
- United NationsCodeCode platform
UNICC GitLab
Where UN code is hosted
For building an OSPO: Where UN code is hosted; model for a shared city code platform.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
UNICC. 2025. "UNICC GitLab." https://opensource.unicc.org/
- United NationsThird party accountAnnouncement
The OSI endorses the UN Open Source Principles
First endorser's account
For building an OSPO: The first endorser's account of what endorsement means.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
Open Source Initiative. 2025-03-11. "The OSI endorses the UN Open Source Principles." https://opensource.org/blog/osi-endorses-united-nations-open-source-principles
- United NationsThird party accountAnnouncement
OSPO Alliance endorses the UN Open Source Principles
Endorsement context
For building an OSPO: The OSPO Alliance's endorsement; links the principles to the FLOSS-PSO registry's umbrella.
Not in the brief's bibliography; citation generated from the catalogue row.
Citation
OSPO Alliance. 2026-03-16. "OSPO Alliance endorses the UN Open Source Principles." https://ospo-alliance.org/news/20260316_un_principles/
- United NationsContextAnnouncement
Barcelona is the first city in the world to endorse the UN Open Source Principles
The Barcelona endorsement
For building an OSPO: Barcelona's endorsement announcement; the precedent New York would follow.
Citation
Barcelona. 2025. "Barcelona Is the First City in the World to Endorse the UN Open Source Principles." Ajuntament de Barcelona, October 30, 2025. https://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/digital/en/news/news/barcelona-is-the-first-city-in-the-world-to-endorse-the-un-open-source-principles-1567058
- United NationsThird party accountReport
Barcelona first city globally to adopt UN Open Source Principles
OSPO pledge
For building an OSPO: OSOR's report of Barcelona's OSPO pledge 'inspired by Paris and Munich models'.
Citation
Thébert, Clara. 2025. "Barcelona First City Globally to Adopt UN Open Source Principles." OSOR, December 15, 2025. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/open-source-observatory-osor/news/barcelona-first-city-globally-adopt-un-open-source-principles
- BarcelonaAuthorizing actFounding measure
A Government Measure for Open Digitisation: Free Software and Agile Development of Public Administration Services
The policy: default, exception clause, targets, budget, staffing, agile method; CC BY-SA 4.0
For building an OSPO: The policy text to adopt: default and exception clause, 70% target, flagship budget, 64 staff, agile method, political owner. CC BY-SA 4.0, so a city rule can be built on it directly.
Citation
Barcelona City Council. 2017. Barcelona City Council Digital Plan: A Government Measure for Open Digitisation: Free Software and Agile Development of Public Administration Services. Office for Technology and Digital Innovation, September 2017. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. https://www.barcelona.cat/digitalstandards/en
- BarcelonaContextStrategy
Barcelona Digital City Plan 2015-2019
Parent plan; "serve the many and not just the few"
For building an OSPO: The parent strategy and the political frame ('serve the many and not just the few'); shows open source as method, not message.
Citation
Barcelona City Council. 2016. Barcelona Digital City Plan 2015-2019. https://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/digital/sites/default/files/pla_barcelona_digital_city_in.pdf
- BarcelonaPolicyStandard
Principles for Designing and Developing Digital Services (Digital Service Standard, v0.1)
16 principles; principle 4 options analysis, 6 agile, 14 sovereignty and free software
For building an OSPO: The 16 principles; principle 4 (options analysis) is the clause a NYC office would own, 6 (agile) and 14 (sovereignty and free software) pair the two halves.
Citation
Barcelona City Council. n.d.-a. "Principles for Designing and Developing Digital Services." Ethical Digital Standards, version 0.1. https://barcelona.cat/digitalstandards/en/tech-practices/0.1/principles
- BarcelonaProcurement policyPolicy
Policy on Technological Sovereignty and Guidelines for Its Implementation
"Shall prioritize free software"; release of city code; preliminary reports must include open options
For building an OSPO: 'Shall prioritize free software'; preliminary reports must include open options; release of city code. The procurement language to copy, plus the owner it lacks.
Citation
Barcelona City Council. n.d.-b. "Policy on Technological Sovereignty and Guidelines for Its Implementation." Ethical Digital Standards. https://www.barcelona.cat/digitalstandards/en/tech-sovereignty/policy/
- BarcelonaPolicyStandard
Technology Code of Practice
51 guidelines on agile delivery, sovereignty and data
For building an OSPO: 51 guidelines on agile delivery, sovereignty and data; the operating manual behind the principles.
Citation
Barcelona City Council. n.d.-c. "Technology Code of Practice: Guidelines for Designing and Implementing Digital Services." Ethical Digital Standards. https://www.barcelona.cat/digitalstandards/en/tech-practices/guidelines/
- BarcelonaPolicyStandard
Agile Methodologies: Introduction and Context
The agile half of the standards
For building an OSPO: The agile half of the standards; evidence that agile and open source were written as one program.
Citation
Barcelona City Council. n.d.-d. "Agile Methodologies: Introduction and Context." Ethical Digital Standards. https://barcelona.cat/digitalstandards/en/agile-methodologies
- BarcelonaPolicy commitmentAnnouncement
Barcelona is the first city in the world to endorse the UN Open Source Principles
The endorsement; signatories
For building an OSPO: The endorsement announcement; the precedent New York would follow and the signatories to confirm.
Citation
Barcelona City Council. 2025. "Barcelona Is the First City in the World to Endorse the UN Open Source Principles." October 30, 2025. https://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/digital/en/news/news/barcelona-is-the-first-city-in-the-world-to-endorse-the-un-open-source-principles-1567058
- BarcelonaThird party accountReport
Barcelona first city globally to adopt UN Open Source Principles
The OSPO pledge "inspired by Paris and Munich models"
For building an OSPO: OSOR's report of the OSPO pledge 'inspired by Paris and Munich models'; the only public statement of the office's intended shape.
Citation
Thébert, Clara. 2025. "Barcelona First City Globally to Adopt UN Open Source Principles." Open Source Observatory, European Commission, December 15, 2025. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/open-source-observatory-osor/news/barcelona-first-city-globally-adopt-un-open-source-principles
- BarcelonaContextAnnouncement
Barcelona invited to the European public OSPO network
EU OSPO Network invitation
For building an OSPO: The EU OSPO Network invitation; shows a city joining the European network after endorsing.
Citation
Canòdrom. 2026a. "Barcelona, convidada oficialment a la xarxa europea d'OSPOs públiques." January 29, 2026. https://canodrom.barcelona/ca/noticies/barcelona-convidada-oficialment-a-la-xarxa-europea-dospos-publiques-1599668
- BarcelonaContextAnnouncement
Barcelona will once again host the Mozilla Festival as part of Open Tech Week 2026
Open Tech Week; the city as host
For building an OSPO: Open Tech Week; the convening role a city can take.
Citation
Canòdrom. 2026b. "Barcelona Will Once Again Host the Mozilla Festival as Part of the Open Tech Week 2026." October 2, 2026. https://canodrom.barcelona/en/noticies/barcelona-will-once-again-host-the-mozilla-festival-as-part-of-the-open-tech-week-2026-1614276
- BarcelonaHistoryPress
News item on Barcelona's open source migration plan
The 2018 desktop and email plan: Ubuntu pilot, Open-Xchange, LibreOffice; Sentilo
For building an OSPO: The 2018 desktop and email migration plan as announced; the baseline for Section 5.
Citation
Open Source Observatory (European Commission). 2017. [News item on Barcelona's open source migration plan.] December 21, 2017. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/node/700284
- BarcelonaOutcomesPress
News item on Barcelona's open source commitment
78.7% of IT budget to open source; "continue to work with proprietary software"
For building an OSPO: 78.7% of IT budget to open source in 2018; the IT director's line on continuing proprietary systems.
Citation
Open Source Observatory (European Commission). 2018. [News item on Barcelona's open source commitment.] October 28, 2018. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/node/701490
- BarcelonaLeadership perspectiveInterview
Testimonial: Barcelona (interview with Francesca Bria)
"Over 80% of new IT budget"
For building an OSPO: Bria's 'over 80% of new IT budget'; the political owner's own account.
Citation
Joinup. 2018. "Testimonial: Barcelona." Interview with Francesca Bria, European Commission, December 4, 2018. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/joinup/news/testimonial-barcelona
- BarcelonaProcurement policyProcurement record
Informe justificatiu, Microsoft Enterprise Agreement Subscription
The justification report; no alternatives considered
For building an OSPO: The justification report for the 2025 Microsoft renewal; the exception taken with no options analysis. The case for a register and an owner.
Citation
Institut Municipal d'Informàtica. 2024. Informe justificatiu per a la contractació del subministrament del programari Microsoft en modalitat Enterprise Agreement Subscription (EAS) per a l'Ajuntament de Barcelona, amb mesures de contractació sostenible. Signed December 24, 2024. https://contractaciopublica.cat/portal-api/descarrega-document/301061887/023F6E3CDE9C60091AC1270E6A5F794D
- BarcelonaProcurement policyProcurement record
Contract record 002_24000117, Microsoft EAS
€13.5M; 7,712 E3, 7,271 F3, 250 Copilot seats
For building an OSPO: Contract award: €13.5M, 7,712 E3, 7,271 F3, 250 Copilot seats; the figures for the exception.
Citation
Diputació de Barcelona (CIDO). 2025. Contract record 002_24000117, "Subministrament del programari Microsoft en modalitat EAS (Enterprise Agreement Subscription) per a l'Ajuntament de Barcelona." Awarded March 26, 2025. https://cido.diba.cat/contractacio/18893935/subministrament-del-programari-microsoft-en-modalitat-eas-enterprise-agreement-subscription-per-a-lajuntament-ajuntament-de-barcelona-institut-municipal-dinformatica
- BarcelonaOutcomesAnnouncement
Decidim is recognized as a Digital Public Good
DPG recognition; adoption figures
For building an OSPO: Decidim's Digital Public Goods recognition and adoption figures; proof of reuse at scale.
Citation
Decidim. 2023. "Decidim Is Recognized as a Digital Public Good." July 13, 2023. https://decidim.org/blog/2023-07-13-decidim-is-recognized-as-a-digital-public-good/
- BarcelonaProgramOfficial page
Decidim: About
The association and the platform
For building an OSPO: The Decidim association; model for handing a city platform to an independent community.
Citation
Decidim. n.d. "About." Accessed October 5, 2026. https://decidim.org/about
- BarcelonaOutcomesOfficial page
The People's Money
New York's Decidim deployment
For building an OSPO: New York already runs Barcelona's software for citywide participatory budgeting; the local proof point.
Citation
NYC Civic Engagement Commission. n.d. "The People's Money." participate.nyc.gov. Accessed October 5, 2026. https://www.participate.nyc.gov/processes
- BarcelonaCodeCode
Ajuntament de Barcelona GitHub organization
77 repositories
For building an OSPO: The city's code organization; repository count.
Citation
Ajuntament de Barcelona. n.d. GitHub organization. Accessed October 5, 2026. https://github.com/AjuntamentdeBarcelona
- BarcelonaThird party accountCase study
The New Hanse: Learnings from Other Cities - Barcelona
Barcelona's standards reused by other cities; NYC co-founded the coalition
For building an OSPO: Barcelona's standards reused by other cities; New York co-founded the coalition with Barcelona and Amsterdam in 2018.
Citation
Cities Coalition for Digital Rights. n.d. The New Hanse: Learnings from Other Cities - Barcelona. https://citiesfordigitalrights.org/sites/default/files/The%20New%20Hanse_Learnings%20from%20other%20cities%20%E2%80%93%20Barcelona.pdf
- BarcelonaPolicy commitmentAdvocacy
Public Money? Public Code!
Barcelona's signature of the campaign
For building an OSPO: Barcelona's signature of Public Money? Public Code!; the campaign framing for publishing public code.
Citation
Free Software Foundation Europe. 2018. "Public Money? Public Code!" News release, July 5, 2018. https://fsfe.org/news/2018/news-20180705-01
- BarcelonaContextReport
Key takeaways from the OSOR Community Meetup
Barcelona in the European OSPO conversation
For building an OSPO: Barcelona in the European OSPO conversation, January 2026.
Citation
Open Source Observatory (European Commission). 2026. "Key Takeaways from the OSOR Community Meetup." January 28, 2026. https://interoperable-europe.ec.europa.eu/collection/open-source-observatory-osor/news/key-takeaways-osor-community-meetup
- BarcelonaPolicyPrinciples
United Nations Open Source Principles
The text Barcelona endorsed
For building an OSPO: The principles text Barcelona endorsed; Open by Default says nothing about exceptions, which leaves the gate to the city.
Citation
United Nations. n.d. "United Nations Open Source Principles." opensource.un.org. https://opensource.un.org/en/news/united-nations-open-source-principles
Catalogue version 2026-10-07, compiled by UN+NYC. Records are shown as compiled, in English. The same data as one file: /resources.json.